Recipe Math
Recipe math is mostly ratio and dilution. Once you understand those, you can scale recipes up or down without guessing.
Ratio formula
For a 1:16 recipe, multiply coffee by 16 to get water. 15 grams of coffee needs 240 grams of water. 20 grams needs 320 grams.
To find ratio from a recipe, divide water by coffee. 300 grams water divided by 20 grams coffee equals 15, so the ratio is 1:15.
Scaling up and down
If you scale a recipe from 15 grams to 30 grams coffee, double the water too. But do not assume everything else behaves perfectly.
Larger brews often drain slower and may need a slightly coarser grind or gentler pouring. Smaller brews can drain faster and may need a finer grind.
Bypass and dilution
Bypass means adding water after brewing. It is useful when you want to brew a strong concentrate and dilute to taste.
AeroPress recipes often use bypass. Brew strong, press, then add hot water until the cup tastes balanced.
Iced coffee math
For iced pour-over, ice is part of your total water. If you want 350 grams total water and use 130 grams ice, brew with 220 grams hot water.
Because some water is ice, grind finer or use a stronger recipe so the hot part extracts enough flavor before dilution.
Quick reference
Water amount
Coffee dose x ratio number.
1:16 with 18 g
288 g water.
Bypass
Dilution water added after brewing.
Iced total water
Hot water plus ice.